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Glossary of Terms F) Signed and Numbered (S/N)

Tese prints are authenticated with the artist’s signature, the
What Is a Giclee Print?
total number of impressions in the edition and the order
A) Original Art 4. Wood Block or Woodcut - Te image that the artist plans in which the impression was signed––e.g.,“5/20” indicates The Giclee (pronounced “jee-clay”) method
An artist takes a vision or original concept and renders this to print is drawn onto the surface of a smooth block of wood. that the print is the ffth signed print of an edition of 20 of printmaking, sometimes referred to as
the “Iris” (after the original machine that
concept onto canvas, paper, wood, cloth, metal, cardboard Ten, with carving tools, he cuts the wood away which he impressions. Open Edition Prints – Prints that are not
produced the print), is the most recent
or some other surface. Tis is a unique, one-of-a-kind work does not want to print. Only the design to be printed is left numbered and have no indication that they are limited are technological advancement designed to
of art. Te conception, expression or rendering is distinctly at the level of the original surface. Te block is inked and considered open-edition prints. preview what a print will look like before
and directly a product of the artist’s own creative eforts and stamped onto the paper, or it is placed into a press with the mass production begins.
G) Artist’s Proof (AP or EA)
energy. paper. Giclee reproductions were originally
A print outside the regular (numbered) edition is an artist’s
developed in 1989 as a digital method of
B) Print or Graphic D) Machine-Produced Prints proof. In as much as every artist has a diferent use for his
fne art printing. The French word, Giclee,
Any work of art produced in an automatic, multiple, 1. Ofset Lithography - Tis can be a complex printing proofs, an exact defnition is impossible. Some proofs are means “to spray on” or “to spray ink.”
commercial or hand-printing process. process. An ofset lithography is a print produced experimental. Tey precede the regular edition and are Images are scanned and digitally stored in

commercially through photographic reproduction. By this unique in that they show the evolution of the fnal design. a computer and sent directly to a super-
C) Hand-Pulled Graphics high-resolution, inkjet printer.
method, “fne arts” reproductions are produced. Te printer Sometimes, when printed along with the regular edition, they
1. Silk-screen or Serigraph - Incorporating the idea of
uses four or more color separations in order to produce the are retained by the artist for commercial or personal reasons; Like other printmaking methods
“block out” stencils, the artist makes his prints by pressing
best facsimile of the artist’s original. “Limited edition prints” sometimes they are printed from the same plates without (lithographs, serigraphs, ofset prints),
inks through the stencil, through the stretched silk and onto the Giclee method starts with a highly
or signed-and-numbered ofset lithographs have become change after the regular edition. Usually, 10% of the edition
the paper. Tere are many methods for creating silk-screen sophisticated photograph of the original
widely accepted in the collector’s market. is printed as APs.
stencils: with cut paper, with solid glue painted onto the silk, painting. Then the photograph is scanned,
with existing objects, etc. 2. Poster - A poster may be an original or an ofset H) Hors de commerce (HC) digitized and entered into a data retrieval
system. The electronic image is sent to the
reproduction, but it always incorporates words, letters or Hors de Commerce (not for trade) traditionally were the
2. Lithograph - Te artist uses a grease-based crayon or printer after the artist and technician feel
announcements in its design. Sometimes, in order to improve graphics pulled with the regular edition but marked by the
grease-based ink to draw his image on the smooth surface of they have the best representation of the
the design, the lettering is covered or cut away in the framing artist for business-use only (HC). Tese graphics were used image.
a limestone block or another ultra-smooth surface. He then
process. Posters are the earliest form of advertising known. for entering shows, exhibits, samples, etc. Today, however,
coats the stone’s surface with a mild acid solution, resulting Tiny ink jets, smaller than strands of human
Because the prospect has little time to devote to a poster, since people have begun to acquire and collect them, these
in the image being set in. Lithography operates on the fact hair, spray ink onto canvas or paper, one
usually only a glance, the information communicated is graphics now generally fnd their way to the marketplace line at a time, until the image is created.
that grease and water repel each other. Te stone surface is
brief. For this reason posters are usually used as a reminder through regular channels and are sold. This process can take up to 30 minutes.
sponged by the artist with water, which is rejected by the
medium, supplementing a major exposure of an idea in
set design. Ten he rolls the surface with a grease-based ink I) Printer’s Proof (PP) The Giclee method produces a print that
another medium. is completely true to the artist’s original
which is attracted by the design. Paper placed on the stone A printer’s proof is one outside the regular signed-and-
intent, yet in and of itself has the look and
and “run” through a press results in the printing of the artist’s E) Color numbered edition that was printed at the same time or after feel of an original painting on paper. After
image only. Te one thing that all methods of hand-printing have in the regular edition, from the same plates or screens without the image is “fxed” with a UV protective
common is that generally only one color can be printed at a changes. Printer’s proofs are usually a very small number of coating, like that used on watercolor
3. Etching - Te entire surface of a steel plate is printed by paintings, the print becomes as archival as
time. So if you see ten colors in a print, you should know that prints given to the printer for the printer’s own purposes.
the artist with a substance called “touche.” A sharp tool is any other work of art on paper.
ten plates, stones or stencils were used to make it. Today, one
used to scrape the touche away from the steel surface in the J) Remarques
of the most dynamic investment markets is the entire feld of From the standpoint of the art-collecting
form of his design without actually abrading the steel surface. A current practice of some artists is the addition of a small public, the Giclee fne art print ofers
original prints. Te public in general has come to appreciate
Te designed plate is submersed in an acid bath that “bites” personalized drawing with the artist’s initials, usually near his thecollector the same physical properties of
the great technical difculty involved in printing an original
the design into the steel. Te plate is inked and paper is penciled signature in the margin of the graphic. Tis is called an original painting, yet it is a work of fne
graphic.
placed on the plate and “run” through a heavy press. a remarque. art at a fraction of the price.

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